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Wood is now been explored to make a assortment of replacements for fossil fuels. One of the replacements is gas generated from wood. Through processes such as gasification, biomass can be broken down into its key mechanism, the gas shaped is referred to a syngas or synthesis gas. The process of gasification ca be carried out on a large or small scale.

Learn more about Biomass Gas

Wood gasification is a thermo-chemical process where the wood is broken down to create syngas. Syngas is made up of Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen in addition to some Methane. This means the gas is highly flammable. By heating the biomass to over 300 degrees, the gasification process takes place. The gas may contain particulates and tar, plus for probable uses, such as combustion engines for instance the gas must be cleaned. If a gas containing tars is used in an internal combustion engine, it will not be long before the engine fails due to a build up of tar. A variety of filter mediums can be used to remove the tar along with particulates from the gas. These include even basic grass filters, to carbon filters along with passing the gas due to a liquid such as water. As mentioned this gas can be used in internal combustion engines. On the other hand as the gas contains less energy than a liquid energy, the ration between energy to air has to be increased. Generally a one to one ratio of syngas to air is used. During the second world war over a million vehicles were converted to run from syngas through the fact supplies of fossil fuels were restricted.

Read more about Wood Pellets

Wood gas can be used as a transport fuel as it was in the second world war, on the other hand gas storage is tricky, along with attaching a gasifier to a vehicle is not a practical solution. Areas where wood gas can be used is where internal combustion engines are used as generators to create electricity. A gasifier could turn an expensive to run generator, into a means to remove waste plus generate free electricity. Biomass gas once cooled is also been used to make liquid fuels. For case algae can feed off the gas along with then be squeezed to create an oil, which can then be processed to create liquid fuels such as ethanol, bio-diesel plus even jet fuel. Gasifiers however like a consistent sized biomass material by a low moisture content, along with the ideal fuel for a gasifier is the pellet, as it also flows well though the gasifier energy hoppers. A gasifier can run on practically any biomass material, as well as pellets can be produced from practically any biomass material. Each pellet will have the same shape along with size, with a low moisture content. This means it is much easier to create gas consistently as the gasifier is running on a consistent fuel source. A pellet is simply a compressed version of the original biomass material, in addition to the main piece of tools used to achieve this compression is referred to as a pellet mill, pellet press or pellet machinery. A pellet mill is comprised of a series of compression rollers moving across the service of a die template by means of a series of holes. The rollers compress the material in to the die.

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