Types Of Solar Power Plants

Solar power plant is an engineering construction, which serves converting solar radiation into electrical energy. Methods for conversion of solar radiation are different and depend on the design of power plants.
SES design
These plants are based on the principle of getting the water vapor from solar radiation. In the center of the station there is a tower height from 18 to 24 meters high (depending on power and some other parameters may be higher or lower), on top of which is a water tank. This reservoir is covered in black to absorb heat radiation. Also in this tower is pumping group that delivers steam to a turbine generator, which is located outside the tower. Circling the tower at a distance are heliostat. Heliostat – a mirror area of several square meters, fixed on a support and connected to a common system of positioning. That is, depending on the position of the sun, the mirror will change their direction. The main and most difficult task to direct all mirrors at the positioning station, so that at any time all the reflected rays from them got on the tank. In bright sunny weather the temperature in the tank can reach 700 degrees. These temperature parameters are used in most conventional thermal power plants, so the energy use standard turbines. In fact, the stations of this type can be obtained relatively high efficiency (20%) and high power.
SPP of plate type
This type of SPP uses the principle of generating electricity, similar to those of the tower SPP, but there are differences in the construction of the station. The station consists of separate modules. The module consists of the pillars on which is mounted truss design of the receiver and the reflector. Receiver located at some distance from the reflector, and it concentrates the reflected rays of the sun. The reflector consists of a mirror in the form of plates (hence the name), radially arranged on the farm. The diameters of these mirrors are about 2 meters, and the number of mirrors – a few dozen (depending on the power module). Such stations may consist of a single module (autonomous), and a few dozen (work in parallel with the network).
SPP, which are using photoelectricity
SPP of this type are now very common, because in general, SPP consists of a large number of individual modules (photoelectric) of different power and output parameters. SPP data are widely used to supply power to both small and large objects (private cottages, resorts, motels, industrial buildings, etc.). Photocell can be set almost anywhere, from the roof and facade of the building and ending with specially designated areas. The installed capacity also varies in a wide range, ranging from the provision of separate pumps, ending by power supply of a small village.
Combined SPP
Often, different types of SPP further establish heat exchangers to generate hot water, which is used for technical purposes, and for hot water and heating. This is the essence of the combined SPP. Also in the same area can be a parallel installation of concentrators and the photocell, which is also considered a combined SPP.

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