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In research laboratories there were created new solar cell modules, main layer of which absorb most of the world to be converted into electric current, which is composed entirely of compounds of common and readily available chemical elements
The energy that can be derived from solar radiation coming to Earth for an hour, is higher than the energy that the planet consumes in a year, but the contribution of solar energy in a worldwide system of electricity supply is currently less than 0.1%, primarily due to high cost. Finding ways to create technology solar panels, which cost per watt is comparable with traditional electricity generation, and which has the potential to “terawatt” level, has become the main focus of research that brought to the final successful resolution of problems.
Developed by researchers solar cell also differs from its predecessors so that it was created using a combination of solutions and approaches based on nanoparticles – in contrast to the popular but expensive vacuum method. Technological changes will allow to significantly reduce manufacturing costs, as these changes are consistent with best practices in applying light-absorbing layers – such as printing, coating, applied by dipping (immersion) and by spraying, casting the film – which are characterized by high productivity and high utilization of materials.
Current thin-film solar cell panels, based on compound semiconductors, are demonstrating the efficiency at the level of 9-11%. These elements are most often used two costly chemical compounds – copper indium selenide, gallium and cadmium telluride. As a result of attempts to create cheaper solar panels on the basis of compounds, including widely distributed on earth chemical elements and not containing indium, gallium or cadmium are not able to surpass the barrier efficiency of 6,7% – in comparison with the new, record-breaking performance in 9 6%.
Researchers have developed a flexible solar cells that absorb up to 96% of incident light. This strong result was achieved due to special design elements: a plastic substrate are vertically oriented silicon pins. The developers are very low cost of materials used, as an element of 98% consists of plastic, while the share of expensive materials is 50 times less than for traditional batteries.
Experimental samples of the proposed solutions demonstrate up to 90% efficiency, whereas the figure for the best samples of silicon cells is only 25%. Silicon pins or hair thickness of 1 micron and a length of 30 to 100 microns are covered with transparent plastic. Part of the luminous flux is not absorbed by the rod, is reflected from the substrate and reaches the other rods, thereby increasing the absorption coefficient. Currently, researchers are working to raise tension and increase the size of a new element to produce whole rolls of solar panels.

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